Valuation • IBM
IBM
Incorporated in 1911, International Business Machines, or IBM, is one of the oldest technology companies in the world. It provides software, IT consulting services, and hardware to help business customers modernize their technology workflows. IBM operates in 175 countries and employs approximately 300,000 people. The company has a robust roster of business partners to service its clients, which includes 95% of all Fortune 500 companies. IBM’s products, including Red Hat, watsonx, and mainframes, handle some of the world’s most important data workloads in areas like finance and retail.
9,6
P/B
Book value of equity per share effectively indicates a firm's net asset value (total assets - total liabilities) on a per-share basis. References: Below 1: the company is trading below its equity. Equal to 1: the company is trading at the exact value of its equity. Above 1: The company is trading above its equity.
4,1
P/S
Shows how much the market values every dollar of the company's sales.
21,1
P/EBITDA
Shows how much the market values every dollar of the company's EBITDA.
19,1
P/OCF
The price-to-cash flow (P/CF) ratio is a stock valuation indicator or multiple that measures the value of a stock's price relative to its operating cash flow per share. The ratio uses operating cash flow (OCF), which adds back non-cash expenses such as depreciation and amortization to net income. P/CF is especially useful for valuing stocks that have positive cash flow but are not profitable because of large non-cash charges.
21,8
P/FCF
The price-to-free cash flow (P/FCF) ratio is a stock valuation indicator or multiple that measures the value of a stock's price relative to its free cash flow per share. This metric is very similar to the valuation metric of price to cash flow but is considered a more exact measure because it uses free cash flow, which subtracts capital expenditures (CAPEX) from a company's total operating cash flow, thereby reflecting the actual cash flow available to fund non-asset-related growth.
25,3
Forward P/E
Forward P/E is a version of the ratio of price-to-earnings that uses forecasted earnings for the P/E calculation. Because forward P/E uses estimated earnings per share (EPS), it may produce incorrect or biased results if actual earnings prove to be different. Analysts often combine forward and trailing P/E estimates to make a better judgment.
47,4
P/E
The price-to-earnings ratio is the ratio for valuing a company that measures its current share price relative to its earnings per share (EPS) and is used by investors and analysts to determine the relative value of a company's shares in an apples-to-apples comparison.
27
Normalized P/E
The price-to-earnings ratio is the ratio for valuing a company that measures its current share price relative to its adjusted earnings per share (EPS) and is used by investors and analysts to determine the relative value of a company's shares in an apples-to-apples comparison.
28,9
BVPS
Book value per share (BVPS) takes the ratio of a firm's common equity divided by its number of shares outstanding.
5,8
EPS
Earnings per share (EPS) is calculated as a company's profit divided by the outstanding shares of its common stock. The resulting number serves as an indicator of a company's profitability. EPS indicates how much money a company makes for each share of its stock and is a widely used metric for estimating corporate value.
5,9
Normalized EPS
Normalized EPS removes onetime and unusual items from EPS, to provide investors with a more accurate measure of the company's true earnings.
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