Vale is a large global miner and the world’s largest producer of iron ore and pellets. In recent years the company has sold noncore assets such as its fertilizer, coal, and steel operations to concentrate on iron ore, nickel, and copper. Earnings are dominated by the bulk materials division, primarily iron ore and iron ore pellets. The base metals division is much smaller, consisting of nickel mines and smelters along with copper mines producing copper in concentrate. In 2024, Vale sold a minority 10% stake in energy transition metals, its base metals business, likely the first step in separating base metals and iron ore.
Market capitalization, or "market cap", is the aggregate market value of a company represented in a dollar amount. Since it represents the “market” value of a company, it is computed based on the current market price (CMP) of its shares and the total number of outstanding shares.
Enterprise value (EV) measures a company's total value, often used as a more comprehensive alternative to equity market capitalization. EV includes in its calculation the market capitalization of a company but also short-term and long-term debt and any cash or cash equivalents on the company's balance sheet.
The enterprise value-to-revenue multiple (EV/R) is a measure of the value of a stock that compares a company's enterprise value to its revenue. EV/R is one of several fundamental indicators that investors use to determine whether a stock is priced fairly. The EV/R multiple is also often used to determine a company's valuation in the case of a potential acquisition. It's also called the enterprise value-to-sales multiple.
The enterprise value to earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization ratio (EV/EBITDA) compares the value of a company—debt included—to the company's cash earnings less non-cash expenses. It's best to use the EV/EBITDA metric when comparing companies within the same industry or sector. Typically, when evaluating a company, an EV/EBITDA value below 10 is seen as healthy.
The enterprise value to earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization without unusual items ratio (EV/Normalized EBITDA) compares the value of a company—debt included—to the company’s cash earnings less non-cash expenses. It's best to use the EV/EBITDA metric when comparing companies within the same industry or sector. Typically, when evaluating a company, an EV/EBITDA value below 10 is seen as healthy.
It follows the same logic as the EV/EBITDA indicator, but instead of EBITDA, EBIT is used, which considers non-cash D&A expenses in the company's operating result.
Variation in the number of Shares Outstanding from one quarter to the next.
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